Below I have used a diagram and a short video to be able to show how an 180 degree rule shot works. The 180° rule is an editing technique used to maintain continuity to the audience.
The 180 degree rule enables that the camera should always stay on one side of the actors. by using this rule you may also include a use of shot reverse shot, the 180 degree rule must always be placed on an imaginary axis around two characters you are filming, not breaking the 180 degree barrier around one side of the two characters, keeping the left character on the left and the right character on the right. By using this shot you can clearly see the eyeline match used between both characters present and to keep this continuity present the camera must not go over the imaginary axis line. If you go over the 180 degree line then you will be breaking the rule and this will not show continuity between the film and can also be quite confusing to those watching e.g. the audience.
As for shot reverse shot, this is usually demonstrated with two people conversing with each other. We see this when one person is talking and we will either see the camera on their face or the reaction of the opponent in the conversation, this is done so we can see their reaction. For example in film you would continuously record the conversation of two people and then straight cut to the other. You would have to edit this with good continuity in order to make it clear and understanding to the audience
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOiQlGhKrGs
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